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More than 3000 empirical studies have examined relationships between religion and health, including more than 1200 in the 20th century,〔 〕 and more than 2000 additional studies between 2000 and 2009.〔 〕 Various other reviews of the religion/spirituality and health literature have been published. These include two reviews from an NIH-organized expert panel that appeared in a 4-article special section of ''American Psychologist''. Several chapters in edited academic books have also reviewed the empirical literature.〔Doug Oman & Carl E. Thoresen (2005), "Do religion and spirituality influence health?" In:〕 Having a religious belief may have both positive and negatives impacts on health and morbidity. ==Positive effects== A study in the 1996 (Kark et al.) has found that death rates for 3900 Israelis in religious and non-religious settlements over a period of 16 years were lower in religious communities. The authors cite a number of possible reasons mostly associated with lower stress levels in a religious community. Church attendance has been found to increase life expectancy (Hummer et al. 1999) with a life expectancy at age 20 of 83 years for frequent attendees and 75 years for non-attendees. The finding, however, does not prove that religion in itself increases life expectancy. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Religion and health」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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